1 Wennberg J, Fisher E, Skinner J. “Geography and the Debate Over Medicare Reform.” Health Affairs (Web Exclusive), February 2002; and Fisher E. “More Care Is Not Better Care.” Expert Voices, Issue 7, 2005. (www.nihcm.org/publications/expert_voices).
2 The term “health insurance coverage” throughout this document is intended to include both private commercial health insurance plans, as well as public programs, such as Medicaid and Medicare.
3 U.S. Census Bureau News, August 26, 2008. www.census.gov.
4 Reuters, August 26, 2008.
5 Census Bureau.
6 Ibid
7 Ibid
8 Institute of Medicine. Executive Summary – Insuring America’s Health: Principles and Recommendation, 2004. (http://books.nap.edu/openbook.php?isbn=0309091055&page=8).
9 Data from RWJF Cover the Uninsured fact sheet, “Coverage Matters for Individuals,” last updated January 5, 2008. (http://covertheuninsured.org/content/coverage-matters-individuals).
10 IOM. Executive Summary, page 2.
11 Ibid
12 Kaiser Commission on Medicaid and the Uninsured, 2008. (www.kff.org/medicaid/7770.cfm).
13 Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor. “Economic News Release, Table 3: Civilian labor force and unemployment,” 2008. (www.bls.gov/news.release/laus.t03.htm).
14 “Key Facts on Health Care Costs,” Kaiser Family Foundation. (www.kff.org/insurance/h08_7828.cfm).
15 Kaiser Family Foundation/HRET. “Employer Health Benefits Survey 2008 Annual Survey,” 2008. (http://ehbs.kff.org/?page=charts&id=1&sn=6&p=1).
16 Data collected by National Federation of Independence Business at “Small Business and Raising (sic) Healthcare Costs.” (www.fixedforamerica.com/content/?id=294#_ftn19#_ftn19).
17 USA Today, Oct. 12, 2008.
18 Gallup, for “The American Public on Health Care: The Missing Perspective,” Council for Excellence in Government, IOM, Accenture, 2008. (www.excelgov.org/Programs/ProgramDetail.cfm?ItemNumber=9404&navItemNumber=9680).
19 “USA Today/Kaiser/Harvard Survey Highlights Problems in the Health Care System Through the Experiences of People With Cancer,” 2006. (www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/press-releases/2006-releases/press11202006.html). Also see (www.usatoday.com/news/health/2008-10-12-cancer-costs_N.htm?POE=click-refer).
20 Based on $2.4 trillion. (www.kff.org/insurance/h08_7828.cfm).
21 The Dartmouth Atlas of Health Care. (www.dartmouthatlas.org/).
22 Murray, et al. “Eight Americas: Investigating Mortality Disparities across Races, Counties, and Race-Counties in the United States.” 2006. (http://medicine.plosjournals.org/perlserv/?request=get-document&doi=10.1371/journal.pmed.0030260). For a vivid .pdf see (http://harvardmagazine.com/2007/01-pdfs/0107-9.pdf).
23 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Health People 2010: Understanding and Improving Health, page 16. (www.healthypeople.gov/Document/Word/uih/uih.doc).
24 Trust for a Healthier America. “Blueprint for a Healthier America,” 2008. (http://healthyamericans.org/report/55/blueprint-for-healthier-america).
25 Trust for America’s Health. “Investments in Disease Prevention Yield Significant Savings, Stronger Communities,” 2008. (http://healthyamericans.org/reports/prevention08/).
26 “Trust for a Healthier America.”
27 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. “Chronic Disease Overview,” 2008. (www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/overview.htm#2).
28 National Statistics, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. “Outcomes for all discharges,” 2006. (http://hcupnet.ahrq.gov/HCUPnet.jsp).
29 Davis. “Slowing the Growth of Health Care Costs – Learning from International Experience,” New England Journal of Medicine, 2008.
30 Davis. “What Will Reform Look Like in 2009?” National Journal, 2008. (http://healthcare.nationaljournal.com/2008/10/reform-2009.php).
31 Pawlson, E. et.al., “The Potential Effects Of HEDIS Performance Measures On The Quality Of Care,” Health Affairs, September/October, 2008; 27 (5): 1429–1441.
32 Wennberg J, Fisher E, Skinner J. “Geography and the Debate Over Medicare Reform.” Health Affairs (Web Exclusive), February 2002; and Fisher E. “More Care Is Not Better Care.” Expert Voices, Issue 7, 2005. (www.nihcm.org/publications/expert_voices).
33 “A Federal Perspective on Health Care Policy and Costs.” Presentation to the Center for Public Health, Stanford University Peter Orszag Director CBO, 2008. (http://www.cbo.gov/ftpdocs/95xx/doc9563/07-16-HealthReform.pdf).
34 Hwang and Christensen. “Disruptive Innovation In Health Care Delivery: A Framework For Business-Model Innovation,” Health Affairs, September/October 2008; 27(5): 1329–1335.
35 “Four Freedoms” speech to Congress. Congressional Record, 1941, Vol. 87, Pt. I. (www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?doc=70&page=transcript).