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Published: March 23, 2009
This study aims to examine levels of awareness of tobacco advertising and promotion among smokers in China as compared to other countries with different levels of restrictions. One developing country (Thailand) and two developed countries (Australia and the United States) were selected for comparison. All four countries are part of the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Policy Evaluation Survey project. Between 2005 and 2006, parallel ITC surveys were conducted among adult smokers (at least smoked weekly) in China (n = 4,763), Thailand (n = 2,000), Australia (n = 1767) and the USA (n = 1,780). Unprompted and prompted recall of noticing tobacco advertising and promotion were measured.
Chinese respondents reported noticing tobacco advertisements in a range of channels and venues, with highest exposure levels on television (34.5%), billboards (33.4%) and in stores (29.2%). A quarter of respondents noticed tobacco sponsorships, and a high level of awareness of promotion was reported. Cross-country comparison reveals that overall reported awareness was significantly higher in China than in Thailand (particularly) and Australia, but lower than in the United States.
Volume of Tobacco Advertising in African-American Markets
By:
Primack BA, Bost JE, Land SR and Fine MJ
Publication date:
September/October, 2007
Summary:
The research presented in this article compared the density and concentration of pro-tobacco media messages in African-American and White markets. Density refers to the number of tobacco messages divided by the total market population. Concentration is the number of...
Receptivity to Tobacco Advertising and Promotions Among Young Adolescents as a Predictor of Established Smoking in Young Adulthood
By:
Gilpin EA, White MM, Messer K and Pierce JP
Publication date:
August 2007
Summary:
The authors investigated whether receptivity to tobacco advertising and promotions during young adolescence predicts young adult smoking six years later. Two longitudinal cohorts of adolescents drawn from the 1993 and 1996 versions of the California Tobacco Surveys...
Assessing Storefront Tobacco Advertising After the Billboard Ban
By:
Jason LA, Pokorny SB, Mikulski K and Schoeny ME
Publication date:
March 2004
Summary:
From 1999 to 2000, tobacco companies spent record amounts on advertising, much of which specifically targeted underage adolescents. This study assessed outdoor retail advertisements in stores selling tobacco between 1999 and 2001. The authors hypothesized that...
State Anti-Tobacco Advertising and Smoking Outcomes by Gender and Race/Ethnicity
By:
Terry-McElrath YM, Wakefield MA, Emery S, Saffer H, Szczypka G, O'Malley PM, Johnston LD, Chaloupka FJ and Flay BR
Publication date:
September 1, 2007
Summary:
Anti-tobacco advertising on television is a major strategy in the United States for reducing and preventing smoking. In 2002, state media funding for such campaigns exceeded $120.9 million. This paper investigates, at a national level, whether...